Does the high lead level in cerebrospinal fluid of children provoke seizure? A case control study of Tehran, Iran

Convulsive disorders identify by episodes of abnormal, excessive and synchronous neural activity in the brain, with cortical origin. These discharges are temporary and self-limiting, usually lasting from a few seconds to a few minutes. It can be recognized on EEG as overt abnormal electrical activity. Epilepsy is considered as a diagnosis when a patient experiences 2 episodes of seizure in 24 h [1]. Seizure episodes in children older than 6 years is almost similar to those in adults, whereas in younger children and infants fewer complex behavior is noticed which is especially prominent in partial complex seizures [2]. Typical generalized tonic-colonic (the type of seizure which the person initially stiffens and loses consciousness, causing them to fall to the ground. The person’s eyes roll back into their head as the muscles contract and the back arches. Typically following the tonic phase, the clonic phase will start as the muscles begin to spasm and jerk. The elbows, legs and head will flex then relax rapidly) and absence seizures (causes a short period of “blanking out” or staring into space) are seen rarely in children younger than two years [2,3].